Saturday, February 22, 2020

Analysis Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Analysis Paper - Assignment Example The defendant in this trial was U.S Department of Justice and they put forward their arguments. The argument of the defendant was that The Controlled Substances Act has formed a nationwide system which control and regulates controlled substances. The defendant argued by using an  informative rule  stating physician-assisted suicide basically debased the "Controlled Substances Act"  (CSA), and it would lead to the cancellation of the license of the physician. The Trial Court gave its decision. The Trial Court gave its decision in favor of Oregon State. The Trial Court reached to the decision that The Department of Justice had no right to deal with the issue of physician-assisted suicide under the "Controlled Substances Act". This decision put forward the fact that CSA was concerned with the management of banned drugs and did not have to play a role in the healthcare field. The Trial Court stated that medicals decisions were matters of the States. The Appellate Court confirmed that The Department of Justice had appealed. The appellate court was the Supreme Court of the United States. Supreme Court stated that Congress’ decision was clear and they also confirmed the purposes of CSA, which were to keep a check on the use of banned drugs and the regulation of criminal activity. Supreme Court gave reference of Chevron Doctrine in which courts were not bound to abide by the judicial decisions of The Department of Justice. The Supreme Co urt brought into their knowledge that the federal government had the authority to keep a check on the medications that were used in the medical profession. But particularly the CSA did not allow the banning of suicidal medications by The Department of Justice. A dissent was also filed in which an argument was presented that drugs used for the purpose of suicide did not fall in the category of licensed medical practice and

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

The Causes of the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance Essay

The Causes of the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance - Essay Example The former class includes antibiotics like the ÃŽ ² lactams (penicillin, penicillin derived antibiotics, carbapenems, cephalosporins, vancomycin) and most aminoglycosides especially against Gram-negative organisms but not against Gram-positive and anaerobic micro-organisms. The other class of antibiotics, the microbiostatic, include antibiotics that prevent the micro-organisms from multiplying by interfering with their protein production, DNA replication, and other metabolic pathways. Tetracycline, sulphonamides, trimethoprim and most microbicidal antibiotics at low concentration are few examples of the microbistatic group. The first antibiotic to be discovered was penicillin derived from the Penicillium mold. It was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928. Later on, the development of synthetic penicillin broadened the spectrum of activity and at the same time enhanced the efficacy of these drugs. However, with the emergence of resistant bacterial strains, the usefulness of penicillins have been limited in the recent years. Methicillin is a narrow spectrum ÃŽ ² lactam antibiotic which was developed in 1959 by Beechman in order to treat penicillin-resistant Gram-positive organisms like Staphylococcus aureus.  In the 1960s and 1970s, it proved so efficient against Staphylococcus aureus that it was extensively used and even sprayed in the wards of hospitals to control Staphylococcal infection in newborn. ( Elek SD, Fleming PC. A new technique for the control of hospital cross infection. Lancet 1960;ii:569–72). Methicillin-resistant isolates though present were not notably troublesome because of the emergence and prevalence of microbial resistance especially MRSA( methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in hospitals. The major antibiotic-resistant pathogen associated with nosocomial infection.